Formerly well-known to be Gemsbok National Park, the new Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park spans over an area of 36,000 sq km stretching from the southern Kalahari Desert in Botswana up to the north of South Africa. (About two-thirds of the park lies in Botswana and one-third in South Africa.) Most of the infrastructure lies in South Africa.
Cattle farmers in the start established it to shield the animals from encroachment. It has witnessed expansionary stages since first opened in 1937 and gradually became the Trans-Frontier Park in 1999. The Park is one of the well-protected conservation areas in the south of the Kalahari Desert. It is now managed as a single unit with the active co-operation of both countries.
Originally the nearest that Botswana tourists could get to the Gemsbok National Park was the small adjoining park of Mabuasehube and even that could only be reached over treacherous tracks through deep sand.
Now the parks have been joined to cover a total area of 38,000 square km. Botswana has done great to persuade tourists into the area by upgrading old and developing new campsites as well as game viewing tracks. Access from the Botswana side can be made by the difficult route from Kang and Tshane into the Mabuasehube sector.
Mabuasehube offers dramatic landscapes of great grasslands and ever-shifting, strangely coloured sand dunes where a wide variety of game has adapted itself to near-desert conditions.
Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park has several different species of animals including large herds of migrating springbok, oryx and blue wildebeest and the desert-adapted gemsbok. The Park is also home to the Kudu, grey duiker, red hartebeest, steenbok and the rare eland and impala. Other predators present are cheetah, leopard, brown and spotted hyena and wild dog. Smaller animals include the cape and bat-eared fox, yellow, slender and banded mongoose, honey badger, aardwolf, polecat, pangolin and genet. The Park is famous for the huge, black-manned Kalahari Lion.
Over 290 species of bird are found in the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park including more than 50 different species of raptors seen patrolling the skies over the reserve such as buzzards, eagles and secretary birds. However, only about 96 are resident. Determined birders can not also fail to spot the birds of prey which are seasonal in the park such as the Pygmy falcon – the smallest falcon in Africa.
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For visitors from South Africa, you can only use the road leading to the entrance at Twee Rivieren Gate situated approximately 260 km north from Upington. It is a nice road with good stretches that you can even drive over 3 hours at a constant speed.
However, visitors are warmed to fuel in Upington since there are no more opportunities on the road up to the park. For cases of emergencies, pack all you need for the trip. There are no places to acquire the basics such as food, drinking water, and firewood.
For visitors from Botswana, there are two entries i.e. Kaa and Mabuasehube. Similarly have a full tank before to drive and pack all the basics for the safari.