Established in 1970 as a Wild Life Sanctuary, Sehlabathebe National Park is the only designated National Park in Lesotho. It is nestled on the eastern Maloti Drakensberg escarpment in the Maloti Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area where it shares a 12 km intersection on the border with uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park. This exemplifies the Park as one of the most alluring and eye-catching tourist attraction in Lesotho.
Untouched Sehlabathebe National Park has an alpine wetlands system that supplies clean water to Lesotho, South Africa, and Namibia. It is also an important natural habitat with a multitude of unique Afro-Alpine and Sub-Alpine flora, mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and fish. The Park is also famed for its spectacular scenery dominant with unique rock formations. Most of the Park is filled up by a designated wilderness Area and although small by international standards, it retains its natural character and is uninhabited. Extensive sponge areas and wetlands, perennial rivers and streams as well as the high incidence of snowfalls in winter complete the area’s picture of uniqueness.
The park is home to various outstanding biodiversity species, some of which are endemic and endangered. Scientifically, the vegetation of Sehlabathebe National Park is classified as Themeda-Festuca Alpine veld: high altitude; short grasslands consisting of a mixture of sub-tropical temperate grass species with a wide variety of monocotyledons and dicotyledons. The 5 typical grassland vegetation types in the area are; the Cool slope and summit grassland, mixed grassland, Warm slope grassland, Dry steep grassland & Tristuchyu leucothrix grassland.
Sehlabathebe National Park is not significant wildlife habitat or protection area but shelters a range of unique mammals, reptiles, amphibians and fish. Some of the animals, which can be found in the park areas, include the Wild Cat, Black-backed Jackal, Oribi, Eland, Otter, and some other rare species of antelopes.
A total of 117 bird species has been recorded in Sehlabathebe National Park, south-east Lesotho, consisting of 29 vagrants, 18 visitors and 70 breeding and probable breeding residents. The specials include Yellow-breasted Pipit and high altitude birds such as Drakensberg Siskin, Mountain Pipit, and Orange-breasted Rockjumper and Bearded Vulture. Karoo species such as Sickle-winged Chat may be found juxtaposed with eastern species. Sehlabathebe is not all that far from where there have been recent sightings of Egyptian Vulture and perhaps Rudd’s Lark will be found in the vicinity. Other birds spotted in the park include Cape Vulture, Southern Bald Ibis, Yellow-breasted Pipit and Ground Woodpecker, Cape Weaver, Cape Sparrow, Cape Canary, Common Quail, Stonechat and Cape Bunting. Characteristic, high-altitude species found in the park included Drakensberg Siskin, Mountain Pipit, Orange-breasted Rockjumper, Banded Martin and Sentinel Rock Thrush. Species such as the Laughing Dove, Sicklewinged Chat, Mountain Chat, Red-winged Starling, Grey-headed Sparrow Passer, Red Bishop and Golden Bishop occur in very low densities, although they are widespread and common in the Maluti/Drakensberg grasslands.
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Half the fun of Sehlabathebe National Park is getting there since it is rather remote. Safari visitors are urged to use a 4WD customized vehicle as the access routes are most of the time impassable because of the river the overflows after heavy rains.